Abstract: In this paper, the quantile minimum average variance estimator method (QMAVE) and the sparse quantile minimum average variance estimator with lasso penalty (LQMAVE) were proposed. In addition, this paper introduced an inclusive study of QMAVE and LQMAVE. Efficient algorithms proposed to solve QMAVE and LQMAVE minimization problems. The real data analysis and simulations were used to examine the performance of QMAVE and LQMAVE, respectively. From the numerical results, it is clear that the QMAVE and LQMAVE are useful methods in practice.

Abstract: Abstract|: In the literature, there is not significant works than dealing with identifying of influential observations (IO) in the two stages least square (2SLS) models. It is a clear that when a set of high leverage points (HLPs) are exist in a data set, the traditional and the robust diagnostic approaches fails to classify correctly the IOs. This issue is because of the masking and swamping affects. In this work, we propose a new robust detection approach based on Modified Cook distance to identify the IO and to reduce the masking and swamping effects. The proposed method called modified Cook distance based on modified Generalized Studentized residuals denoted by MGt-MCD. In addition we suggested a new cut off point depend on the Jackknife after bootstrap. To evaluate the performance of our proposed method, a popular data set and a Monte Carlo simulation study were used. The results refer to the proposed method have good performance compared with some existing method to identify IOs in the 2SLS.

Abstract: In spite of all the difficult circumstances and fundamental irregularities that surround Iraq, the country's growth and the backwardness of the country's economy, should, therefore, be directed towards economic reform for a comprehensive development industry. This requires an analytical study of all obstacles to economic development in Iraq, Through the state, should not only be a theoretical framework but should avail from the experiences of other countries by giving a role to the private sector as well as the economic diversification of our country. By the dependence on the Iraqis individual and civil society in order to distinguish the main impediments to growth in Iraq, the analytical method and through the inclusion of all forms of development in Iraq, so as to formulate a developmental as a start point to the Iraqi economy because it possesses the important elements and opportunities, To achieve the goals and objectives of development, we must begin with the parts, and follow by the reality of the Iraqi economy, until the access to total, depending on the method of inductive. under the absenteeism of the intellectual program of the Iraqi economy to the political forces that have ruled Iraq after 2003, a new phase that marked the transitional period, which based on shifting the political nature of the regime and the transformation of the economy towards a market economy. The economic transformation program was part of a distinct development strategy and the Charter of the International Covenant, but all improvement efforts floundered because of the absence of the national economic vision, the absence of the national political and economic project, and because of the lack of clarity of priorities set by the economic decision-makers, whose goal was to transform the oil sector from dominant and funded into a productive sector of wealth through its contribution to stimulating other sectors.