Abstract: This study examines the important role played by strategic intelligence in achieving the objectives of the organization and enhance their competitiveness and thus reflect a contemporary vision in dealing with strategic intelligence by directing and establishing a methodology to employ, support and enhance the reputation of the organization, so the problem is the study of weak organizational culture own smart strategic organization educational and low employ them for this type of strategic intelligence decision-making strategy, and demonstrated the importance of the study in the promotion and employment of the principles of strategic intelligence in the work of managers in the organization surveyed, the study aims to identify the extent of perception management organization researched the concepts of intelligence and strategic role in promoting and supporting the reputation of the organization, sample selection was consisting of (44) teaching of the heads and members of boards of technical institutes in (Karbala, Babylon, Kufa, Najaf), is the most prominent conclusions owning educational intelligent strategic organization and in particular aspects related to the extrapolation of the future to develop strategies for the organization in the long term and, among other recommendations are to establish seminars, training programs and workshops for the definition of the strategic aspects of intelligence and its role in decision-making, thereby enhancing the elements of the participants (heads and members of boards of technical institutes).

Abstract: This study examines the important role played by strategic intelligence in achieving the objectives of the organization and enhance their competitiveness and thus reflect a contemporary vision in dealing with strategic intelligence by directing and establishing a methodology to employ, support and enhance the reputation of the organization, so the problem is the study of weak organizational culture own smart strategic organization educational and low employ them for this type of strategic intelligence decision-making strategy, and demonstrated the importance of the study in the promotion and employment of the principles of strategic intelligence in the work of managers in the organization surveyed, the study aims to identify the extent of perception management organization researched the concepts of intelligence and strategic role in promoting and supporting the reputation of the organization, sample selection was consisting of (44) teaching of the heads and members of boards of technical institutes in (Karbala, Babylon, Kufa, Najaf), is the most prominent conclusions owning educational intelligent strategic organization and in particular aspects related to the extrapolation of the future to develop strategies for the organization in the long term and, among other recommendations are to establish seminars, training programs and workshops for the definition of the strategic aspects of intelligence and its role in decision-making, thereby enhancing the elements of the participants (heads and members of boards of technical institutes).

Abstract: The research aims to discuss the impact and assess the quality of higher education programs from the perspective of the students and their willingness to make further efforts as a framework for the success of the process of learning and teaching through a comprehensive strategy for higher education in Iraq. The research problem in the study of the reality of university teaching in Iraqi universities, through knowledge of the estimates of the calendar for the quality of higher education programs from the perspective of the students on the basis that there is a gap between what you expect the student services and realize already; since trying to search measure this gap President and determinants. And highlight the importance of research that contributes to the development and improvement of educational programs at the universities of different specialties and on an ongoing basis for quality assurance and accreditation. And based on the most important hypotheses that no significant differences between the mean estimates of the calendar for the quality of higher education programs, according to the research variables from the viewpoint of the students. The results show that there is a significant relationship between the moral dimensions of quality higher education programs, according to the research variables from the viewpoint of the students. As has been the formulation of a set of recommendations based on that.

Abstract: The research aims to discuss the impact and assess the quality of higher education programs from the perspective of the students and their willingness to make further efforts as a framework for the success of the process of learning and teaching through a comprehensive strategy for higher education in Iraq. The research problem in the study of the reality of university teaching in Iraqi universities, through knowledge of the estimates of the calendar for the quality of higher education programs from the perspective of the students on the basis that there is a gap between what you expect the student services and realize already; since trying to search measure this gap President and determinants. And highlight the importance of research that contributes to the development and improvement of educational programs at the universities of different specialties and on an ongoing basis for quality assurance and accreditation. And based on the most important hypotheses that no significant differences between the mean estimates of the calendar for the quality of higher education programs, according to the research variables from the viewpoint of the students. The results show that there is a significant relationship between the moral dimensions of quality higher education programs, according to the research variables from the viewpoint of the students. As has been the formulation of a set of recommendations based on that.

Abstract: The higher education sector, mainly contributes in the service of the community and promote culturally to become institutions, as essence of human thought at the finest level and a source of human resource development, envisaging a promotion of ideas, creativity and innovation and to provide science of all kinds, the development of human values, promotion to the level of civilization and this is something which no doubt requires the university community to service and protect it from the dangers that lined each side, including the dangers of professional, social or psychological dangers. Since the university is the core of the development of society through manpower and transfer of technology and the transfer of scientific theories to practical application which is designed to solve the problems and overcome the obstacles, difficulties faced by the community and thereby achieve the burden of the losses that fall as a result of the dangers that face. Under the requirements of the quality of higher education institutions, it has to find clear path to the process of evaluating all the institutions of higher education and the role requires Universities to learn aspects of its strengths and weaknesses and identify opportunities for development. The study aims to identify these dangers faced by college researched increase the risk types and to analyze the relationship between total quality management represented requirements in support of the college administration and staff taking parts continuous improvement and development and focus on the customer. The study centered around the problem of the fact that there is a clear perception by the higher education sector, especially in the center of the college in study of total quality management and applications and accessories in order to reduce the dangers. The concentration of population of the study at the faculty of Administration and Economics / University of Al-Qadisiyah and study sample consisted of exercising whatever quality management of the heads of departments, units , branches of the university and head of the Division of preparation, training and technical support, Chief, Division of Quality Assurance and head of quality assurance at the college and have the information in the field of academics and administrators and a random sample of students.

Abstract: The higher education sector, mainly contributes in the service of the community and promote culturally to become institutions, as essence of human thought at the finest level and a source of human resource development, envisaging a promotion of ideas, creativity and innovation and to provide science of all kinds, the development of human values, promotion to the level of civilization and this is something which no doubt requires the university community to service and protect it from the dangers that lined each side, including the dangers of professional, social or psychological dangers. Since the university is the core of the development of society through manpower and transfer of technology and the transfer of scientific theories to practical application which is designed to solve the problems and overcome the obstacles, difficulties faced by the community and thereby achieve the burden of the losses that fall as a result of the dangers that face. Under the requirements of the quality of higher education institutions, it has to find clear path to the process of evaluating all the institutions of higher education and the role requires Universities to learn aspects of its strengths and weaknesses and identify opportunities for development. The study aims to identify these dangers faced by college researched increase the risk types and to analyze the relationship between total quality management represented requirements in support of the college administration and staff taking parts continuous improvement and development and focus on the customer. The study centered around the problem of the fact that there is a clear perception by the higher education sector, especially in the center of the college in study of total quality management and applications and accessories in order to reduce the dangers. The concentration of population of the study at the faculty of Administration and Economics / University of Al-Qadisiyah and study sample consisted of exercising whatever quality management of the heads of departments, units , branches of the university and head of the Division of preparation, training and technical support, Chief, Division of Quality Assurance and head of quality assurance at the college and have the information in the field of academics and administrators and a random sample of students.

Abstract: Interested in current research identified the extent of the application of the principles of total quality management in higher education, as it was the aim of the research to clarify the reality of the principles of total quality management in the higher education sector and find out how to apply these principles between public colleges and private through a comparison between them and the search adopted descriptive analytical method in the identification and treatment of variables, As well as it has been relying on multiple measures ready developed in accordance with the objectives of the research and the nature of the environment that has been researched. For the purpose of achieving the goals of the research, formulated two Chairperson hypotheses emerged of them subsidiary hypotheses, has been tested on a sample of lecturers at colleges and totaling (200) lecturers at the rate of (115) lecturer in public colleges and (85) lecturers in community colleges, and the researcher used the questionnaire in data collection needed for research, and to verify acceptance of the research hypotheses had to use a number of statistical methods of the most prominent of the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, weight percentile, the relative importance, test (Wilks Lambda), and test, (Discriminant Analysis) Chi-Square. Most prominent conclusions of her research are awareness and understanding the full of the lecturers of the importance of total quality management and its principles, but there was a disparity in terms of the application of these principles in the public sector on the one hand and the disparity is too large with the private sector on the other hand, so the researcher recommends that the government colleges can attract and retain individuals with scientific titles as long as possible through the enactment of some legislation to contract with seniors or pay them like rewarding college eligibility.

Abstract: Interested in current research identified the extent of the application of the principles of total quality management in higher education, as it was the aim of the research to clarify the reality of the principles of total quality management in the higher education sector and find out how to apply these principles between public colleges and private through a comparison between them and the search adopted descriptive analytical method in the identification and treatment of variables, As well as it has been relying on multiple measures ready developed in accordance with the objectives of the research and the nature of the environment that has been researched. For the purpose of achieving the goals of the research, formulated two Chairperson hypotheses emerged of them subsidiary hypotheses, has been tested on a sample of lecturers at colleges and totaling (200) lecturers at the rate of (115) lecturer in public colleges and (85) lecturers in community colleges, and the researcher used the questionnaire in data collection needed for research, and to verify acceptance of the research hypotheses had to use a number of statistical methods of the most prominent of the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, weight percentile, the relative importance, test (Wilks Lambda), and test, (Discriminant Analysis) Chi-Square. Most prominent conclusions of her research are awareness and understanding the full of the lecturers of the importance of total quality management and its principles, but there was a disparity in terms of the application of these principles in the public sector on the one hand and the disparity is too large with the private sector on the other hand, so the researcher recommends that the government colleges can attract and retain individuals with scientific titles as long as possible through the enactment of some legislation to contract with seniors or pay them like rewarding college eligibility.

Abstract: Economic and social changes that have swept the global economy, have affected the results on other economies, particularly the Iraqi economy. As well as what happened post-2003 shift in the structure of the Iraqi economy from comprehensive planning to a market economy. Has made it a matter of thinking about the future and its generations the need is urgent require strive to address what has happened in the Iraqi economy and its people how to take advantage of its natural resources, particularly oil and gas. Based on the offer and other was a justification for adoption of idea of the proposed project to set up a sovereign fund for Iraqi reconstruction of Iraq in light of underdeveloped of infrastructure, and financial and administrative corruption. in particular are expected to increase both reserves and production of crude oil of Iraq. After the completion of the oil licensing rounds which contributes to the growing role of the world's oil. It provides substantial financial resources are required Iraqi governments to give serious thought to find new ways to invest. We can say that: this research is a serious attempt to think about the proposed project for the establishment of a sovereign Iraqi guarantee fund for future generations to benefit from the impoverished wealth of Iraq. To achieve the goals of this research, it is divided into three chapters: the first chapter, conceptual and theoretical framework for sovereign funds. Chapter II cared shifts in the Iraqi economy post-2003. Chapter III focused on the proposal to fund a sovereign Iraqi seal and a set of conclusions and recommendations.

Abstract: Economic and social changes that have swept the global economy, have affected the results on other economies, particularly the Iraqi economy. As well as what happened post-2003 shift in the structure of the Iraqi economy from comprehensive planning to a market economy. Has made it a matter of thinking about the future and its generations the need is urgent require strive to address what has happened in the Iraqi economy and its people how to take advantage of its natural resources, particularly oil and gas. Based on the offer and other was a justification for adoption of idea of the proposed project to set up a sovereign fund for Iraqi reconstruction of Iraq in light of underdeveloped of infrastructure, and financial and administrative corruption. in particular are expected to increase both reserves and production of crude oil of Iraq. After the completion of the oil licensing rounds which contributes to the growing role of the world's oil. It provides substantial financial resources are required Iraqi governments to give serious thought to find new ways to invest. We can say that: this research is a serious attempt to think about the proposed project for the establishment of a sovereign Iraqi guarantee fund for future generations to benefit from the impoverished wealth of Iraq. To achieve the goals of this research, it is divided into three chapters: the first chapter, conceptual and theoretical framework for sovereign funds. Chapter II cared shifts in the Iraqi economy post-2003. Chapter III focused on the proposal to fund a sovereign Iraqi seal and a set of conclusions and recommendations.

Abstract: Unprecedented for Iraq that exposure to difficult challenges, such as those faced in our time, these challenges are many and overlapping Some are political, military, economic, social or what is a mixture of them all, and in spite of all these challenges and gravity, however, there is a problem emerged from among those problems many in defiance of the Iraqi man at the center of his life and survival as the problem of food deficit and the adequacy of the home sprawling abundant resources and capabilities in return palaces food output for metaphors increasing demand and growing day after day because of high levels of individual income in the Arab countries in general and Iraq in particular caused by rising oil prices (the crisis of 1973) and which ones or after it began to appear the problem of food shortages because of rising food prices in response to rising oil prices, where the Arab countries in general and Iraq in particular, before this date self-sufficient in agricultural production and the problem arose down the production and productivity of the agricultural sector, offset by an increase of population is the highest in the world for up to approximately (3%), which makes the crisis worsen day after day. Next to that of the international system is witnessing shifts structural extensive characterized as fast, causing drastic changes on a lot of economic variables that affected the economic and social conditions for all other countries, and those changes establishing the World Trade Organization (WTO) in (1994), which calls for the Department of principles to trade liberalization and the elimination of government subsidies on production, especially agricultural production, leading to the inability of the least developed countries on the commercial competition, as well as of those economic changes that have affected the economic and social conditions is the World Conference on Environment and Sustainable Development (Rio 1992), which provides for the preservation on the resources of the environment and sustainability for future generations. Therefore, the problem of food deficit requires efforts Iraq to eliminate them through economic cooperation and stand serious about the problems surrounding which highlighted the problems of water (as in the case of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and problems with Turkey and the problems with the state of the upstream) in order to achieve economic development and the elimination of the food gap that takes the economic resources to meet the food deficit at the expense of economic development. So this research will address the first three sections of helplessness food comes as a theoretical framework, while the second section relates to the production and demand for grain crops strategy, while the third section relates to food deficit in Iraq . . Reality and Prospects.

Abstract: Unprecedented for Iraq that exposure to difficult challenges, such as those faced in our time, these challenges are many and overlapping Some are political, military, economic, social or what is a mixture of them all, and in spite of all these challenges and gravity, however, there is a problem emerged from among those problems many in defiance of the Iraqi man at the center of his life and survival as the problem of food deficit and the adequacy of the home sprawling abundant resources and capabilities in return palaces food output for metaphors increasing demand and growing day after day because of high levels of individual income in the Arab countries in general and Iraq in particular caused by rising oil prices (the crisis of 1973) and which ones or after it began to appear the problem of food shortages because of rising food prices in response to rising oil prices, where the Arab countries in general and Iraq in particular, before this date self-sufficient in agricultural production and the problem arose down the production and productivity of the agricultural sector, offset by an increase of population is the highest in the world for up to approximately (3%), which makes the crisis worsen day after day. Next to that of the international system is witnessing shifts structural extensive characterized as fast, causing drastic changes on a lot of economic variables that affected the economic and social conditions for all other countries, and those changes establishing the World Trade Organization (WTO) in (1994), which calls for the Department of principles to trade liberalization and the elimination of government subsidies on production, especially agricultural production, leading to the inability of the least developed countries on the commercial competition, as well as of those economic changes that have affected the economic and social conditions is the World Conference on Environment and Sustainable Development (Rio 1992), which provides for the preservation on the resources of the environment and sustainability for future generations. Therefore, the problem of food deficit requires efforts Iraq to eliminate them through economic cooperation and stand serious about the problems surrounding which highlighted the problems of water (as in the case of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and problems with Turkey and the problems with the state of the upstream) in order to achieve economic development and the elimination of the food gap that takes the economic resources to meet the food deficit at the expense of economic development. So this research will address the first three sections of helplessness food comes as a theoretical framework, while the second section relates to the production and demand for grain crops strategy, while the third section relates to food deficit in Iraq . . Reality and Prospects.

Abstract: The tourism industry is of the most important global industries, as it has become the industry of the age and the future, this occupies activity an important place in the economies of countries that recognize the importance and taking appropriate attention as a tributary streams of economic development, and Iraq, which has a lot of potential tourist attractions , but it did not receive the required attention and appropriate, and faced many obstacles and challenges that are still facing the development of tourism. And it should activate this vital sector and thinking seriously planning to develop a clear strategic for tourism development , and for this purpose research aims to exposure to the reality of the tourism sector and the ingredients lured, and the most important obstacles facing the development of tourism, then its future prospects.

Abstract: The tourism industry is of the most important global industries, as it has become the industry of the age and the future, this occupies activity an important place in the economies of countries that recognize the importance and taking appropriate attention as a tributary streams of economic development, and Iraq, which has a lot of potential tourist attractions , but it did not receive the required attention and appropriate, and faced many obstacles and challenges that are still facing the development of tourism. And it should activate this vital sector and thinking seriously planning to develop a clear strategic for tourism development , and for this purpose research aims to exposure to the reality of the tourism sector and the ingredients lured, and the most important obstacles facing the development of tourism, then its future prospects.

Abstract: The relationship between economic growth and inflation a concern for many countries in the developed and developing world, and erected in developed countries, a lot of research to laparoscopy relationship in order to overcome the problems that may be exposed to the States as a result of this association.The current research is an attempt to explore the trends in this relationship in Iraq in order to determine the ranges that can affect or be affected by growth as a result of inflation, period (1980-2010) was adopted to range time frame in which you can determine the nature of the relationship between the two variables as well have been taking data at their nominal value as terms of GDP growth for the accurate diagnosis of the impact of inflation has been relying on time-series analysis to prove the direction of the relationship, and the search reached the conclusion that there is a two-way causal relationship between inflation and economic growth in Iraq.

Abstract: The relationship between economic growth and inflation a concern for many countries in the developed and developing world, and erected in developed countries, a lot of research to laparoscopy relationship in order to overcome the problems that may be exposed to the States as a result of this association.The current research is an attempt to explore the trends in this relationship in Iraq in order to determine the ranges that can affect or be affected by growth as a result of inflation, period (1980-2010) was adopted to range time frame in which you can determine the nature of the relationship between the two variables as well have been taking data at their nominal value as terms of GDP growth for the accurate diagnosis of the impact of inflation has been relying on time-series analysis to prove the direction of the relationship, and the search reached the conclusion that there is a two-way causal relationship between inflation and economic growth in Iraq.

Abstract: The investment importance is increasing day after day, it has a main role at the economical life as deemed as a leader element for growth and developing the production. So that we shall try through this research to known the reality of the investment atmosphere and its available capacities at Muthana province, while we studied the investment atmosphere we found that there is a group of effective elements on the investment decisions for the local and foreign investors (as administration corruption, administrational bureaucracy in addition to lack of suitable infrastructures) which led to create expeller elements for the investors in the province (agriculture, industry, housing and tourism … etc.), this research ended with some suggestions that we believe to contribute in improving the investment atmosphere at Muthana province.

Abstract: The investment importance is increasing day after day, it has a main role at the economical life as deemed as a leader element for growth and developing the production. So that we shall try through this research to known the reality of the investment atmosphere and its available capacities at Muthana province, while we studied the investment atmosphere we found that there is a group of effective elements on the investment decisions for the local and foreign investors (as administration corruption, administrational bureaucracy in addition to lack of suitable infrastructures) which led to create expeller elements for the investors in the province (agriculture, industry, housing and tourism … etc.), this research ended with some suggestions that we believe to contribute in improving the investment atmosphere at Muthana province.

Abstract: What witnessed in contemporary banking environment of developments and developments led to the emergence of factors several it contributed to the spread of what is known universal banking, As it is the cornerstone of the subject of banking reform, which requires the creation system financial is able to mobilize financial resources (domestic and even international) And re allocated and efficiency of service of economic activity In order to achieve rates high and constant of economic growth, As well as the modernization and deepening and strengthening of all units of the financial and banking sector, Restructuring in Iraq for the purpose of mobilizing domestic savings and reduce the of immigrant capital phenomenon, In addition to the provision of services is characterized by development working in all financial and non-financial activities in shade the Banking totalitarianism.

Abstract: What witnessed in contemporary banking environment of developments and developments led to the emergence of factors several it contributed to the spread of what is known universal banking, As it is the cornerstone of the subject of banking reform, which requires the creation system financial is able to mobilize financial resources (domestic and even international) And re allocated and efficiency of service of economic activity In order to achieve rates high and constant of economic growth, As well as the modernization and deepening and strengthening of all units of the financial and banking sector, Restructuring in Iraq for the purpose of mobilizing domestic savings and reduce the of immigrant capital phenomenon, In addition to the provision of services is characterized by development working in all financial and non-financial activities in shade the Banking totalitarianism.

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Abstract: This research aims to shed light on the model of balanced performance and its effectiveness in creating the competitive advantage. To achieve the objectives of the research, which are determining the ability of banks (sample of research) in the application of model of balanced performance and determining the level of effectiveness of the banks to achieve the competitive advantage and contributing in raising the quality of banking services using the Balanced Performance model. The problem is that the banking work is witnessing a competition and hard work to offer developed services that satisfy the customers desires, and the private banks are suffering from not having appropriate strategy in their works to go on with the great development and that makes the private banks realize the need for using the modern managerial systems and procedures in their management. One of these procedures is the model of balanced performance and its effect in achieving the competitive advantage. One of the important conclusions, is that the model of the balanced performance is one of the modern strategic devices for measuring and estimating the performance totally involving the financial and nonfinancial measurements through the important perspectives of the performance in the company. Thus it aims at putting a new plan and translating the organization strategy into operational works ,taking into consideration the three dimensions of time (past, present, and future). The research has reached to some recommendations one of them is It is necessary to adopt the model of the balanced performance as a system for measuring the banks performance through the four perspectives as it suits the principles of management of quality because of relating the banks leadership with their staffs by strategic communication in common in searching for measures of more effective performance.

Abstract: This research aims to shed light on the model of balanced performance and its effectiveness in creating the competitive advantage. To achieve the objectives of the research, which are determining the ability of banks (sample of research) in the application of model of balanced performance and determining the level of effectiveness of the banks to achieve the competitive advantage and contributing in raising the quality of banking services using the Balanced Performance model. The problem is that the banking work is witnessing a competition and hard work to offer developed services that satisfy the customers desires, and the private banks are suffering from not having appropriate strategy in their works to go on with the great development and that makes the private banks realize the need for using the modern managerial systems and procedures in their management. One of these procedures is the model of balanced performance and its effect in achieving the competitive advantage. One of the important conclusions, is that the model of the balanced performance is one of the modern strategic devices for measuring and estimating the performance totally involving the financial and nonfinancial measurements through the important perspectives of the performance in the company. Thus it aims at putting a new plan and translating the organization strategy into operational works ,taking into consideration the three dimensions of time (past, present, and future). The research has reached to some recommendations one of them is It is necessary to adopt the model of the balanced performance as a system for measuring the banks performance through the four perspectives as it suits the principles of management of quality because of relating the banks leadership with their staffs by strategic communication in common in searching for measures of more effective performance.

Abstract: The present research aims to estimate of the spectral density function of the non-stationary time-series of( Uniformly Modulated Processes) (mup) model, when Z represents the model AR (1), AR (2), and ARMA (1,1) with various parameters. These methods are the (evolutionary spectral method),( Wigner- Vill method) and the( short-time period gram method). In order to make use of the properties of the three methods, shrinking principle has been adopted among the estimation of the properties of the three methods is called (Shrinkage Method) and compares them together using the criteria (Mean Integrated Square Error) (MISE). The most important conclusion which has been reached by the present research is that the best method to estimate the function of the spectral density is the Shrinkage one suggested by ARMA (1,1) model in adding the sizes of the three samples, the model MA (1) at θ1= 0.5 and the model AR (1) at Φ1= 0.9, while the two methods, Sh. Pe.S and Sh. Me. S of the model AR (2) at all sizes at the parameters Φ1= 0.4 and Φ2= 0.3, Φ1=0.8, and Φ2=-0.4.

Abstract: The present research aims to estimate of the spectral density function of the non-stationary time-series of( Uniformly Modulated Processes) (mup) model, when Z represents the model AR (1), AR (2), and ARMA (1,1) with various parameters. These methods are the (evolutionary spectral method),( Wigner- Vill method) and the( short-time period gram method). In order to make use of the properties of the three methods, shrinking principle has been adopted among the estimation of the properties of the three methods is called (Shrinkage Method) and compares them together using the criteria (Mean Integrated Square Error) (MISE). The most important conclusion which has been reached by the present research is that the best method to estimate the function of the spectral density is the Shrinkage one suggested by ARMA (1,1) model in adding the sizes of the three samples, the model MA (1) at θ1= 0.5 and the model AR (1) at Φ1= 0.9, while the two methods, Sh. Pe.S and Sh. Me. S of the model AR (2) at all sizes at the parameters Φ1= 0.4 and Φ2= 0.3, Φ1=0.8, and Φ2=-0.4.

Abstract: Quantile regression provides a more complete statistical analysis of the stochastic relationships between random variables. While this technique has become very popular as a comprehensive extension of the classical mean regression it nonetheless suffers the problem of crossing of regression functions estimated at different orders of quantiles. Theoretically, the extension of conditional quantiles to higher dimension p of X is straight forward. However, its practical success suffers from the so-called ‘curse of dimensionality’. In this article we propose a method of obtaining quantile regression estimates for high dimension data without the unfavourable quality of quantile crossing. The proposed method is a two step procedure that initially employs sparse ridge sliced inverse regression (SRSIR) to achieve dimension reduction when the predictors are possibly correlated and then followed by the usage of non-parametric method to estimate non-crossing quantile regression. For the second stage of our method we employ double kernel smoothing method (Yu and Jones,1998); monotone-based smoothing method based on the convolution of the distribution (Dette and Volgushev,2008) and joint non-crossing quantile smoothing spline method (Bondell et al., 2010) for estimating the conditional quantile without quantile crossing. Through a simulation and empirical study we compare our estimators with that of Gannon et al. (2004).

Abstract: Quantile regression provides a more complete statistical analysis of the stochastic relationships between random variables. While this technique has become very popular as a comprehensive extension of the classical mean regression it nonetheless suffers the problem of crossing of regression functions estimated at different orders of quantiles. Theoretically, the extension of conditional quantiles to higher dimension p of X is straight forward. However, its practical success suffers from the so-called ‘curse of dimensionality’. In this article we propose a method of obtaining quantile regression estimates for high dimension data without the unfavourable quality of quantile crossing. The proposed method is a two step procedure that initially employs sparse ridge sliced inverse regression (SRSIR) to achieve dimension reduction when the predictors are possibly correlated and then followed by the usage of non-parametric method to estimate non-crossing quantile regression. For the second stage of our method we employ double kernel smoothing method (Yu and Jones,1998); monotone-based smoothing method based on the convolution of the distribution (Dette and Volgushev,2008) and joint non-crossing quantile smoothing spline method (Bondell et al., 2010) for estimating the conditional quantile without quantile crossing. Through a simulation and empirical study we compare our estimators with that of Gannon et al. (2004).

Abstract: This research aims at assessing outpatient expectations and satisfaction of service quality rendered by Diwaniya teaching hospital by using Gap analysis technique. Little or no researches have been conducted related to outpatient according to researcher knowledge. Most of researches concentrate on inpatient view about health care quality. 140 questionnaire were distributed for this purpose and questionnaire with 20 statements in four dimensions developed by (Choi et al; 2005) was adapted with some modifications and only 122 questionnaire were valid and used for analysis. The analysis shows that there was a negative gap between expectation and perception in mean value in all dimensions of service quality rendered by hospital. Recommendations about improvement across quality dimensions are submitted to bridge the gap between expectations and perceptions and enhance patients satisfaction.

Abstract: This research aims at assessing outpatient expectations and satisfaction of service quality rendered by Diwaniya teaching hospital by using Gap analysis technique. Little or no researches have been conducted related to outpatient according to researcher knowledge. Most of researches concentrate on inpatient view about health care quality. 140 questionnaire were distributed for this purpose and questionnaire with 20 statements in four dimensions developed by (Choi et al; 2005) was adapted with some modifications and only 122 questionnaire were valid and used for analysis. The analysis shows that there was a negative gap between expectation and perception in mean value in all dimensions of service quality rendered by hospital. Recommendations about improvement across quality dimensions are submitted to bridge the gap between expectations and perceptions and enhance patients satisfaction.